Terms
use in networking :-
1. Broadcast It means one to all
2. Multicast It means one to many
3. Unicast It means one to one
4. Simplex It is the way of
communication or a device which can send signals
in one direction only. Eg:- Keyboard, Radio
etc.
5. Half-Duplex It means a device which can send and
receive the signals in both directions
but not at a time. Eg:- Walky-Talky
6. Full-Duplex It means a device which can send and
receive the signals in both directions
simultaneously. Eg:- Phone
7. Attenuation It is distance of a cable after which
signals become weak.
Eg:- UTP cable
has 100 meter attenuation .
8. Cross-Talk or
EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference)
It means interference or overlapping of
signals in the bunch of cables.
9. IP Address It is logical address of a computer.
10. MAC Address (Media Access Control) It is physical address of a computer. It is
actual address of a computer or NIC address. It is 48 bit in the hexa-decimal
format.
It is always
broadcast based and can be use within LAN.
11. NetBIOS name It is short name of a computer or
small name of a network (Domain or Workgroup).
It can be use within a particular network in LAN or WAN.
It is a flat name
or without dot and it can be up to 15 characters long.
12. DNS Name
(Domain Name System) or FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name)
It is complete name of a computer or a
domain or a website. It can be use
in the
multiple networks or Internet. It can be
use in LAN and WAN. It has hierarchical structure. It is maximum up to 255 characters long.
FQDN = Hostname + Domain name
255 63 192
Benefits of
networking :-
Sharing of data,
Sharing of hardware resources, time saving, cost saving etc.
There are 5 types
of services in any network :-
File, Print,
Application, Web and Mail
Types of
Network (on the basis of physical
boundary) :-
1. LAN (Local
Area Network)
2. WAN (Wide Area
Network)
1. LAN is a network within a particular area or
building. There is no use of public
property (dialup and Internet), license, permission etc. for connection. It is a network within private premises.
Ethernet is standard for LAN. Eg:- CAN , HAN
etc.
2. WAN is
collection of multiple LANs. There is
use of public property, license, permission etc. for connection. It is a network with public interference and
we are connected to outside world. Frame-Relay is standard for WAN. Eg:- MAN
Types of WAN :-
(a) Internet It is network of networks. It is public
network.
(b) Intranet It is network of networks within
organization. It is private network.
Types of Network
(on the basis of logical boundary) :-
1. Workgroup It is a network without centralize
administration. It is logical grouping
of computers without centralize management.
All the computers will have independent settings. Server OS is not compulsory in the workgroup
network.
2. Domain It is a network with centralize
administration. It is logical grouping
of computers with centralize management.
All the computers will have same policies.
First of all we
must need DC (Domain Controller) to configure the domain.
OS (Operating
System)
It is interface
between user and computer or interface between software and hardware.
Types of OS :-
1. Server OS
It is use for
server machine, it can support heavy hardware configuration, it has different
services like DNS, VPN, Terminal Service etc.
Eg:- Windows 2008 server, Windows 2012 server etc.
2. Client OS
It is use for
client machine or for end users. It is use for laptop and desktop machines. It
does not support heavy hardware configuration.
It has File service, Print service, Web service(IIS) and Application
service only.
Eg: - Windows XP,
Windows 7, Windows 8 etc.
NOTE:
1. We can use GUI
or CLI
2. We can use
Desktop OS or Network OS
NOTE: Network OS
will have Security, Quota, Dynamic Disk etc.
Eg:- Windows XP,
Windows 2003 and higher versions .
Types of
computers in network :-
No comments:
Post a Comment